AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS
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Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (also called Lou Gehrig’s disease or Charcot disease) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by the gradual degeneration of motor neurons causing ascending paralysis and leading to death.
NERVE-MUSCLE coculture
In this model, motor neurons and muscle fibres are dependent on each other as the motor unit formation and maintenance depends on continuous trophic, electrical and mechanical cross-talk between muscle and motor nerve. This unique expertise of Neurofit allows us to observe motor neuron-dependent myocontraction and thus evaluate the ability of compounds to improve spinal motor neurons functionality. This model could be used to evaluate neurotrophic activity and more generally therapeutics for neuromuscular diseases. To our knowledge, it is the only cellular model able to test compounds acting on the neuromuscular junction.
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Compound testing
Therapeutics for neuromuscular diseases are usually tested in this model but other treatments could also be considered. Please feel free to contact us to discuss the feasibility of your study.
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Endpoints
☐ Presence of contractile activity
☐ Length of muscle fibers
☐ Innervation rate
☐ Surface of innervated muscle
Illustrations-
Muscle fibers
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4 innervated fibers muscle bundles
on muscle derived cells monolayer -
Low magnification picture from a Petri dish in which 5 explants are initially placed. 3 weeks after, 3 explants, marked with a dot, were not able to produce an efficient innervation and the 2 latter explants innervated large muscle areas which were delimited by a line.
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Movies
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Myoblastes and Fibroblasts
Muscle derived cells, mainly myoblastes and fibroblasts are cultured in monolayers. Immediately after myoblaste fusion, whole transverse slices rat embryos spinal cords with dorsal root ganglia attached are placed on the muscle monolayer. After 24h neuritis are observed growing out of the spinal cord explants. They make contacts with myotubes and induce the first contractions. Quickly thereafter, innervated muscle fibres located in proximity to the spinal cord explants, are virtually continuously contracting (see movies on our website). Innervated fibres are morphologically and spatially distinct from the non-innervated ones and could easily be distinguished from them
(Askanas et al., 1987) .
The ability of a molecule to promote spinal motor neuron survival, neurites outgrowth and/or neurons functionality can be evaluated by measuring neurite sprouting (number and length), innervation rate (number of spinal cord-muscle couple which lead to an innervation), innervation area (surface covered by innervated muscle fibers per spinal cord explant), ACh receptor aggregation as well as several other parameters depending upon the mode of action of the compound(Braun et al., 1996) .
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BDNF
BDNF at 10 ng/ml increases the innervate rate from 20% under control condition to 25% with BDNF and augments the surface of skeletal muscle innervated by an efficient rat spinal cord-human muscle coupling. -
Insuline
Insulin at 10 µg/mL increase the innervated rate. -
BDNF / Insuline
BDNF at 10 ng/mL andInsulin at 10 µg/mL increase the surface of skeletal muscle innervated by an efficient rat spinal cord-human muscle coupling.
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